A second name that reaches the same thing — a shortcut of address, never a change of identity.

A named property belonging to a thing. Also to credit a thing to its source — the same word for a quality and for a claim of origin.

The placing of things under named classes. Every categorisation is a claim spoken over a thing.

Meaning assigned by the people who use a thing rather than by an authority. Everyone's own words for the world, kept as valid.

A mark that distinguishes one thing from all others. An identifier need carry no meaning; it need only be unique.

A name attached to a thing from outside it. A label describes; it does not constitute, and it can be wrong about what it names.

Data about data. What lets a thing be found, dated, credited and trusted, without being the thing itself.

A characteristic belonging to a thing. Also what is owned — the same word for what a thing is and what is held.

A label attached so a thing can be found among others. A tag is added by a reader as often as by an author.

One dated state of a thing among its several. Versions let a thing change without losing what it was.